In this article we covers what is brick masonry construction, general principle in brick masonry and types of bricks bonds
What Is Brick Masonry
Brick masonry is a unified mass obtained by systematic arrangement of laying bricks and bonding together with mortar. Brick is a building unit of hard inorganic clay material of size which can be conveniently handled. The brick masonry is used in foundations, walls,
columns, buttresses, retaining structures window sells, jambs, corbels, copings ornamental brickwork, circular brickwork, fire places, flumes, tall chimneys, cavity walls, thresholds, culverts, steps, floors, arches etc.
The strength of brick masonry works depends upon the quality of bricks and type of mortar used.
Generally mortars are following types used for brick masonry
- Mud mortar
- Cement mortar
- Cement lime mortar
- Lime surkhe mortar
General principles in brick masonry construction:
- A good brick masonry should utilize bricks, which are sound, hard, well burnt and tough with uniform colour, shape and size.
- The bricks should compact, homogeneous, free form holes, cracks, flaws, air-bubbles and stone lumps and soaked in water for at least two hours before use
- In the brickwork, the bricks should laid on their beds with the frogs pointing upwards
- The brick courses should laid truly horizontal and should have truly vertical joints
- As far as possible the use of brick – bats should be discouraged
- As far as possible the brick wall should be raised uniformly less than 1.5m in day with proper bond.
- When the mortar is green the face joints should be racked to a depth of 12 to 19mm in order to have a proper key for plastering or pointing.
- In order to ensure continuous bond between the old and the new, the wall should be stopped with a toothed end.
- Finished brickwork should cured for a period of 2 to 3 weeks for lime mortar and 1 to 2 weeks for cement mortar
- In order to carryout the brickwork at higher level, a single scaffolding used.
Types Of Brick Bonds
Bonding is a process of arranging bricks and mortars to tie them together in a mass of brickwork. It should have a minimum of vertical
joints in any part of the work.
Characteristics of brick bond or rules for bonding:
The brick masonry should have bricks of uniform shape and size.
For satisfactory bondage the lap should be one-fourth of the brick along the length of the wall and half brick across thickness of the
wall.
The brick bats use should discouraged.
The vertical joints in the alternate courses should coincides with the centre line of the stretcher.
The alternate courses the centre line of header should coincide with the centre line of stretcher, in course below or above it.
The stretcher should used only in the facing while hearting should be done in the headers only.
Classifications Of Bonds
- Stretcher bond
- Header bond
- English bond
- Double Flemish bond
- Single Flemish bond
- Garden wall bond
- Facing bond
- Dutch bond
- Raking bond
- Zigzag bond
- English cross bond
- Bonds in columns
- Brick on edge bond or soldier course
- Bonds at junction and squint junction
Details Of All Above Brick Bond Available On Our Other Article “Types Of Brick Bond In Brick Masonry“
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