What Is Masonry | 5-Types Of Masonry (2024)

In This Article We Covers What Is Masonry And Types Of Masonry One By One.

What Is Masonry

Masonry defined as the art of construction in which building units, such as clay bricks, sand-lime, bricks, stones, Pre-cast hallow concrete blocks, concrete slabs, glass bricks, combination of some of these building units etc. Arranged systematically and bonded together to form a homogeneous mass in such a manner that they can with stand point to other loads and transmit then through the mass without fail or disintegration.

Types Of Masonry

1. Stone masonry
2. Brick masonry
3. Hallow block concrete masonry
4. Reinforced masonry
5. Composite masonry

These can further sub-divided into varies types depending upon workmanship and type of materials used.

Definitions Of Terms

Course: A course is a horizontal layer of bricks stones

Bed: the surface of a stone perpendicular to the line of pressure of (lower surface of bricks or stones in each course) Masonry

Back: The inner surface of wall not exposed called back. The material forming back known as backing

Face: The exterior of the wall exposed to weather known as face. The material used in the facing of wall known as facing’

Hearting: It is the interior portion of a wall between facing and backing

Head: It is a brick or stone, which lies with its greatest length at right angles to the face of the work.

Stretcher: It is a brick or a stone which lies with its congest side parallel to the face of the work

Bond: The method of arranging bricks so that the individual units tied together

Spalls: The chips of stones used for filling the interstice in stone masonry

Quoins: The stones used for the corners of walls of structure

Bat: It is a portion of a brick cut across the width.

Closer: It is the portion of a brick-cut in such a manner that its one long face remains uncut

Queen closer: it the portion of a brick obtained by cutting a brick length-wise into two portions

King closer: the portion of brick obtained by cutting off the triangular piece between the centre of one end and the centre of one side.

Bevelled closer: It is the portion of a brick in which the whole length of the brick is bevelled for maintaining half width at one end and full width at the other

What Is Masonry And Types Of Masonry

Frog: It is an indentation or depression on the top face of a brick made with the object of forming a key for the mortar.

Sill: It is a horizontal stone, concrete or wood, employed for the purpose of shedding off rain water from the face of wall immediately below the window opening

Corbel: It is the extension of one or more course of stone or brick from the face of a wall to serve as a support for wall plates

Templates: Pieces of stones placed under the end of a beam to distribute load over a greater area.

Coping: It is the course placed upon the exposed top of an external wall to prevent the seepage of water

Buttress: It a sloping or stepped masonry projection from a tall wall intended to strengthen the wall against the thrust of a roof as shown in fig

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